Pengaruh Digital Marketing Terhadap Keputusan Pembelian Konsumen Generasi Z di Kota Jakarta dengan Brand Engagement sebagai Variabel Intervening
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.61231/adv9mq69Keywords:
Digital Marketing, Brand Engagement, Purchase Decision, Generation ZAbstract
Intense brand competition and the selective behavior of Generation Z mean that exposure to digital marketing does not always lead to purchases, so the role of brand engagement needs to be tested. This study aims to analyze the effect of digital marketing on the purchase decisions of Generation Z consumers in Jakarta, both directly and indirectly through brand engagement as an intervening variable. The study uses a quantitative approach with an explanatory design. Data were collected through a questionnaire administered to 200 Generation Z respondents selected by purposive sampling and analyzed using SEM-PLS with SmartPLS 4.0. The results show that digital marketing has a positive and significant effect on brand engagement (β = 0.871) and on purchase decisions (β = 0.552), and that brand engagement has a positive and significant effect on purchase decisions (β = 0.363). Brand engagement partially mediates the effect of digital marketing on purchase decisions (indirect effect = 0.316; VAF = 36.4%). All effects are significant at p < 0.001. It is concluded that informative, personalized, and interactive digital marketing drives Generation Z purchase decisions both directly and through brand engagement. These findings enrich the digital marketing literature and guide companies in designing strategies that increase Generation Z engagement and purchase decisions.
References
Abbasi, A. Z., Qummar, H., Bashir, S., Aziz, S., & Ting, D. H. (2024). Customer engagement in Saudi food delivery apps through social media marketing: Examining the antecedents and consequences using PLS-SEM and NCA. Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, 81, 104001.
Alamoudi, H. (2026). From social media engagement to purchase intention: The roles of brand page value, self-brand connection, and viral behavior among Generation Z beauty consumers in Saudi Arabia. Innovative Marketing, 22(3), 129–140. https://doi.org/10.21511/im.22(3).2026.09
Ali, I., & Naushad, M. (2023). Examining the influence of social media marketing on purchase intention: The mediating role of brand image. Innovative Marketing, 19(4), 145–157. https://doi.org/10.21511/im.19(4).2023.12
Aljuhmani, H. Y., Elrehail, H., Bayram, P., & Samarah, T. (2023). Linking social media marketing efforts with customer brand engagement in driving brand loyalty. Asia Pacific Journal of Marketing and Logistics, 35(7), 1719–1738.
Alnaim, A. F., & Albarq, A. N. (2023). Impact of digital marketing on consumer behavior: A quantitative analysis on fast fashion industry in the KSA. International Journal of Data and Network Science, 7(3), 1059–1066. https://doi.org/10.5267/j.ijdns.2023.5.018
Angel, K., Putra, R., & Lestari, D. (2026). Pengaruh traditional marketing, digital marketing, dan brand engagement terhadap minat beli konsumen Gen Z. Journal of Economic, Business and Accounting (COSTING), 9(1), 1–15.
Aslam, W., & Ramos de Luna, I. (2021). The relationship between brand Facebook page characteristics, perceived value, and customer engagement behavior: An application of stimulus–organism–response (S–O–R). Review of Business Management, 23(1), 43–62. https://doi.org/10.7819/rbgn.v23i1.4092
Asosiasi Penyelenggara Jasa Internet Indonesia (APJII). (2025). Survei profil internet Indonesia 2025.
Badan Pusat Statistik Provinsi DKI Jakarta. (2025). Survei Penduduk Antar Sensus (Supas) 2025 Provinsi DKI Jakarta.
Bank Indonesia. (2025). Statistik transaksi e-commerce Indonesia triwulan III 2025.
Bazi, S., Filieri, R., & Gorton, M. (2023). Social media content aesthetic quality and customer engagement: The mediating role of entertainment and impacts on brand love and loyalty. Journal of Business Research, 160, 113778. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2023.113778
Buzeta, C., De Keyzer, F., Dens, N., & De Pelsmacker, P. (2024). Branded content and motivations for social media use as drivers of brand outcomes on social media: A cross-cultural study. International Journal of Advertising, 43(4), 637–671. https://doi.org/10.1080/02650487.2023.2215079
Cheung, M. L., Pires, G., Rosenberger III, P. J., Leung, W. K. S., & Chang, M. K. (2021). The role of social media elements in driving co-creation and engagement. Asia Pacific Journal of Marketing and Logistics, 33(10), 1994–2018.
Chuah, S. H.-W., Aw, E. C.-X., & Tseng, M.-L. (2021). The missing link in the promotion of customer engagement: The roles of brand fan page attractiveness and agility. Internet Research, 31(2), 587–612. https://doi.org/10.1108/INTR-01-2020-0025
Croes, E., & Bartels, J. (2021). Young adults' motivations for following social influencers and their relationship to identification and buying behavior. Computers in Human Behavior, 124, 106910. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2021.106910
Duffett, R. G. (2017). Influence of social media marketing communications on young consumers' attitudes. Young Consumers, 18(1), 19–39. https://doi.org/10.1108/YC-07-2016-00622
Google, Temasek, & Bain & Company. (2025). e-Conomy SEA 2025.
Guenther, P., Guenther, M., Ringle, C. M., Zaefarian, G., & Cartwright, S. (2023). Improving PLS-SEM use for business marketing research. Industrial Marketing Management, 111, 127–142. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indmarman.2023.03.010
Hair, J. F., Black, W. C., Babin, B. J., & Anderson, R. E. (2019). Multivariate data analysis (8th ed.). Cengage Learning.
Hanaysha, J. R. (2018). An examination of the factors affecting consumer's purchase decision in the Malaysian retail market. PSU Research Review, 2(1), 7–23.
Hanaysha, J. R. (2022). An examination of social media advertising features, brand engagement and purchase intention in the fast food industry. British Food Journal, 124(11), 4143–4160.
Handoyo, S. (2024). Purchasing in the digital age: A meta-analytical perspective on trust, risk, security, and e-WOM in e-commerce. Heliyon, 10(8), e29714. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e29714
Hollebeek, L. D., Glynn, M. S., & Brodie, R. J. (2014). Consumer brand engagement in social media: Conceptualization, scale development, and validation. Journal of Interactive Marketing, 28(2), 149–165.
Huang, M., Saleh, M. S. M., & Zolkepli, I. A. (2024). The moderating effect of environmental gamification on the relationship between social media marketing and consumer-brand engagement: A case study of Ant Forest Gen Z users. Heliyon, 10(4), e25948. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e25948
Kannan, P. K., & Li, H. (2017). Digital marketing: A framework, review, and research agenda. International Journal of Research in Marketing, 34(1), 22–45.
Kim, A. J., & Ko, E. (2012). Do social media marketing activities enhance customer equity? An empirical study of luxury fashion brand. Journal of Business Research, 65(10), 1480–1486.
Lim, J. Y., Lee, T. C., Rashid, U. K., & Abu Seman, N. A. (2025). Social media marketing in Industry 4.0: The role of TikTok in shaping Generation Z's purchase intentions. Procedia Computer Science, 253, 2176–2185. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procs.2025.01.278
Malodia, S., Dhir, A., Bilgihan, A., Sinha, P., & Tikoo, T. (2022). Meme marketing: How can marketers drive better engagement using viral memes? Psychology & Marketing, 39(9), 1775–1801. https://doi.org/10.1002/mar.21702
Moedeen, S., Aw, E. C.-X., Alryalat, M., Tan, G. W.-H., Cham, T.-H., Ooi, K.-B., & Dwivedi, Y. K. (2024). Social media marketing in the digital age: Empower consumers to win big? Asia Pacific Journal of Marketing and Logistics, 36(1), 66–84. https://doi.org/10.1108/APJML-09-2022-0784
Mofokeng, T. E. (2023). Antecedents of trust and customer loyalty in online shopping: The moderating effects of online shopping experience and e-shopping spending. Heliyon, 9(5), e16182. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e16182
Moslehpour, M., Ismail, T., Purba, B., & Wong, W.-K. (2022). What makes GO-JEK go in Indonesia? The influences of social media marketing activities on purchase intention. Journal of Theoretical and Applied Electronic Commerce Research, 17(1), 89–103.
Nabila, W. K., & Negoro, D. A. (2023). Pengaruh digital marketing, customer engagement, dan brand awareness terhadap purchase intention produk fashion lokal pada Generasi Z. Jurnal Pendidikan Tambusai, 7(3), 20207–20218.
Ngo, T. T. A., Bui, C. T., Chau, H. K. L., & Tran, N. P. N. (2023). The effects of social media live streaming commerce on Vietnamese Generation Z consumers' purchase intention. Innovative Marketing, 19(4), 269–283. https://doi.org/10.21511/im.19(4).2023.22
Ngo, T. T. A., Quach, P., Nguyen, T. V., Nguyen, A. D., & Nguyen, T. M. N. (2023). Short video marketing factors influencing the purchase intention of Generation Z in Vietnam. Innovative Marketing, 19(3), 34–50. https://doi.org/10.21511/im.19(3).2023.04
Obilo, O. O., Chefor, E., & Saleh, A. (2021). Revisiting the consumer brand engagement concept. Journal of Business Research, 126, 634–643. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2019.12.023
Ortiz, J. A. F., De Los M. Santos Corrada, M., Lopez, E., Dones, V., & Feliberty Lugo, V. (2023). Don't make ads, make TikTok's: Media and brand engagement through Gen Z's use of TikTok and its significance in purchase intent. Journal of Brand Management, 30, 535–549.
Prentice, C., Han, X. Y., Hua, L.-L., & Hu, L. (2019). The influence of identity-driven customer engagement on purchase intention. Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, 47, 339–347.
Priporas, C. V., Stylos, N., & Fotiadis, A. K. (2017). Generation Z consumers' expectations of interactions in smart retailing: A future agenda. Computers in Human Behavior, 77, 374–381.
Qiao, L., & Sun, P. J. (2024). The dynamics of social media marketing: Unraveling the impact on customer purchase intentions through engagement and trust. Journal of Distribution Science, 22(3), 21–31.
Rathi, N., & Jain, P. (2024). Impact of meme marketing on consumer purchase intention: Examining the mediating role of consumer engagement. Innovative Marketing, 20(1), 1–16. https://doi.org/10.21511/im.20(1).2024.01
Razzaq, A., Shao, W., & Quach, S. (2023). Towards an understanding of meme marketing: Conceptualisation and empirical evidence. Journal of Marketing Management, 39(7–8), 670–701. https://doi.org/10.1080/0267257X.2022.2158906
Safeer, A. A. (2024). Harnessing the power of brand social media marketing on consumer online impulse buying intentions: A stimulus-organism-response framework. Journal of Product & Brand Management, 33(5), 533–544.
Setiawan, H. D., Santoso, B., & Sanosra, A. (2025). Pengaruh content marketing dan influencer marketing terhadap keputusan pembelian melalui variabel mediasi FOMO (fear of missing out). Jurnal Penelitian Ipteks, 10(2), 148–162.
Shareef, M. A., Kumar, U., & Kumar, V. (2008). Role of different electronic-commerce quality factors on purchase decision: A developing country perspective. Journal of Electronic Commerce Research, 9(2), 92–113.
Sharma, A., Fadahunsi, A., Abbas, H., & Pathak, V. K. (2022). A multi-analytic approach to predict social media marketing influence on consumer purchase intention. Journal of Indian Business Research, 14(2), 125–149.
Sharma, S., Singh, S., Kujur, F., & Das, G. (2021). Social media activities and its influence on customer-brand relationship: An empirical study of apparel retailers' activity in India. Journal of Theoretical and Applied Electronic Commerce Research, 16(4), 602–617. https://doi.org/10.3390/jtaer16040036
Shuyi, J., Al Mamun, A., & Naznen, F. (2024). Social media marketing activities on brand equity and purchase intention among Chinese smartphone consumers during COVID-19. Journal of Science and Technology Policy Management, 15(2), 331–352.
SIRCLO. (2025). Laporan tren e-commerce dan perilaku belanja daring konsumen Indonesia 2025.
Sohaib, M., Safeer, A. A., & Majeed, M. T. (2022). Role of social media marketing activities in China's e-commerce industry: A stimulus–organism–response theory context. Frontiers in Psychology, 13, 941058. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.941058
Tam, F. Y., & Lung, J. (2025). Digital marketing strategies for luxury fashion brands: A systematic literature review. International Journal of Information Management Data Insights, 5(1), 100309. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jjimei.2024.100309
Tapscott, D. (2009). Grown up digital: How the net generation is changing your world. McGraw-Hill.
Teng, H., Lo, C.-F., & Lee, H.-H. (2022). How do internet memes affect brand image? Online Information Review, 46(2), 304–318. https://doi.org/10.1108/OIR-05-2020-0192
We Are Social. (2025). Digital 2025 global overview report.
Yadav, M., & Rahman, Z. (2017). Measuring consumer perception of social media marketing activities in e-commerce industry: Scale development & validation. Telematics and Informatics, 34(7), 1294–1307.
Yuliana, E. A., & Indriasari, D. P. (2026). Pengaruh social media marketing terhadap purchase intention dengan moderasi brand trust pada produk fashion. SENTRI: Jurnal Riset Ilmiah, 5(8), 3990–4008. https://doi.org/10.55681/sentri.v5i8.7028
Zakia, I., & Pambudi, B. S. (2025). Pengaruh digital marketing dan brand image terhadap keputusan pembelian dan loyalitas pelanggan (produk fesyen Generasi Z Jawa Timur). Bisman (Bisnis dan Manajemen): The Journal of Business and Management, 8(3), 693–709. https://doi.org/10.36815/bisman.v8i3.4383
Zeqiri, J., Koku, P. S., Dobre, C., Milovan, A.-M., Visoka Hasani, V., & Paientko, T. (2025). The impact of social media marketing on brand awareness, brand engagement and purchase intention in emerging economies. Marketing Intelligence & Planning, 43(1), 28–49.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Rumondang Agustina Nainggolan, Anton A.P. Sinaga, Henri Saragih, Siti Normi, Remus Silalahi, Rahel Junita

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
You are free to:
- Share — copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format for any purpose, even commercially.
- Adapt — remix, transform, and build upon the material for any purpose, even commercially.
- The licensor cannot revoke these freedoms as long as you follow the license terms.
Under the following terms:
- Attribution — You must give appropriate credit , provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made . You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.
- No additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.
Notices:
You do not have to comply with the license for elements of the material in the public domain or where your use is permitted by an applicable exception or limitation .
No warranties are given. The license may not give you all of the permissions necessary for your intended use. For example, other rights such as publicity, privacy, or moral rights may limit how you use the material.







